The quantity of minerals, specifically calcium, in your bones is measured using X-rays during a bone mineral density test. The importance of this test cannot be overstated for those who are at osteoporosis risk, particularly women and elderly persons. Also known as dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, this test (DXA). Osteoporosis is the most prevalent kind of bone disease, thus its crucial to test for it. Osteoporosis over time makes your bone tissue thin and brittle, which increases your risk of fractures that can be seriously debilitating.