Hemoglobin electrophoresis is used to analyse hemoglobin in your erythrocytes (Red blood cells). Red blood cells comprise the protein hemoglobin, which helps the cells transport oxygen throughout the body. Your hemoglobin gene can occasionally change or mutate, causing healthy red blood cells to become damaged ones. These damaged cells can break down and cause disorders like anemia blood disorders like sickle cell anaemia or thalassemias Healthcare professionals are able to diagnose these conditions with haemoglobin electrophoresis. This test is one of many that are used to check newborns for symptoms of sickle cell anaemia and other uncommon but dangerous diseases.