When a person's immune system unintentionally attacks thyroid gland or thyroid protein constituents, thyroid antibodies begin to form. This autoimmune reaction, in which the immune system inadvertently harms bodily tissues, can result in persistent thyroid inflammation, tissue damage, and/or disruption of thyroid function. Specific thyroid antibodies are identified and quantified in the blood by laboratory testing. Planning the appropriate course of therapy for patients can be made easier by doctors when they are aware of the underlying causes of thyroid dysfunction.